Article in Neues Glas/New Glas N° 2/00

On the occasion of an exhibition in Chartres, Thierry Boissel provides fundamental thoughts about the situation of contemporary stained glass.

The history of architecture is at the same time the history of the perception of light. Windows, their shape and size are secure references for the respective periods and styles of architecture. Windows can be filled with translucent or transparent materials, sometimes with both. Such "interventions" seal the apertures and still allow light to have an effect in the building. Light has a strong symbolic character. Since it is a basic necessity of life, it is natural to pay homage to it and human beings have always worked at making this visible.

The transparent, translucent, and perhaps colored filters make light visible,

illuminate a building, and protect it from the weather. An early example of the use of this simple system is the gothic cathedral La Sainte Chapelle built by Louis IX in Paris about 1240.
Stained Glass
Glass design, glass windows, art of glass in architecture, church windows, architectonically integrated glass art: these are all terms that attempt to describe or define a certain sphere of activity by some artists. But what do these terms mean? The question as to definition may seem trivial and superfluous at first, but becomes relevant in my own work with light in architecture. Just mentioning the term "stained glass" surprises many people. In France this term is associated with La Sainte Chapelle or the works by Marc Chagall. Since a few years ago it also evokes Conques, a town in south-west France lying on a pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela, and works by Pierre Soulages. Then comes the pitying question whether there are even that many churches still being built today, that one can live from this. Some architects clearly react with irritation. They become pale, dizzy, get goose bumps, and stammer: "But I am not building a medieval church. I am building a school, a train station, an airport, or a city hall!" I myself have meanwhile learned to consider the person I am speaking to and use the term "stained glass" rather more cryptically.

The terminology changes from language to language. In England the expression "stained glass" is used to mean colored or "dyed" glass. This term addresses a central aspect, for glass is here being described as filter. The meaning of the French word "vitrail" has changed fundamentally several times in the last 150 years. Decisive, on the other hand, is that the associations remain the same everywhere: Whether in England, France, or Germany, it is always the old lead compositions that people see in their mind's eye.

In the provocative search for new terminology, I was for a long time essentially

interested in breaking up the dusty associations linked with the term "stained glass." Two artist friends Daniel BrSˇg and Bernhard Huber, on the other hand, are both convinced, independently of one another, that this search is pointless, since a suitable term exists already: art.
Contemporary architecture often offers spaces with large openings. And our relationship to light has changed a lot. Electricity lights our way home to pseudo-illumination. A simple switch allows us to turn off the night. Darkness is suspicious. Lux, the official unit of illumination, defines the way we see. Personally I am irritated by artificially lit rooms in historical buildings. It becomes absurd when spotlights illuminate windows from inside, probably to "better" show them to advantage.

Contemporary glass artists have to deal with this modern understanding of light. Stained glass no longer has anything to do with La Sainte Chapelle. And yet today's glassmakers can learn much from it: Artists designing windows have to react sensitively to the site, to consider the function of the building, to work with the light, and to illuminate the space. Only then can stained glass be conceptually and thus artistically successful. 



For more than 13 years, I have been realizing stained glass with "hot-structured" glass or fusing. That is one of many ways to reach the goal. The goal is to create an original work according to the above named criteria and for a specific place. Every artist who looks critically at stained glass follows the same goal. But there is no recipe and every artist brings along his own ideas and concepts.

In the last ten years compositions characterized by lead have clearly been receding more and more. Painting on float glass and hot-worked glass, for example, are gaining in significance. An exhibition at the Centre International du Vitrail in Chartres, France, documents this impressively. With the title "Lumières en éclat" it distances itself thematically from the traditional concept of stained glass. It takes up new artistic approaches accompanied by experimental techniques. The exhibition is limited to nine French artists. Jean FranÁois Lagier, director of the Centre International du Vitrail, knows that the selected artists stand for a contemporary search and renewal.

Thierry Boissel, born in France, lives and works free-lance in Munich, where he manages the Stained-glass workshop at the "Akademie der Bildenden Künste". The exhibition "Lumières en éclat" at the Centre International du Vitrail in Chartres, France, has been on view since 9 October 1999 and continues until 23 September 2000. The clearly structured exhibition represents the various artistic approaches conclusively. NEO Èditions and the Centre International du Vitrail have published an accompanying catalog: "Lumières en éclat" - Art et espace de lumière du 21ème siècle -. The works by Louis René Petit, Brigitte Sillard, Pierre Le Cacheux, Michel Caron, Udo Zembok, Didier Sancey, Didier Quentin, Thierry Boissel, Emmanuel Barrois (listed by date of birth as in the catalog) are presented with little text but many color illustrations of excellent print quality. The catalog is a consolation prize for all who will not find their way to Chartres by the end of September. The catalog "Lumières en éclat" can be ordered directly from C.I.V. for 98 FF.
Exhibition and contact: Centre International du Vitrail, Chartres, France 

Tel.: +33/(0)237216572; fax: +33/ (0)237361534; www.centre-vitrail.org; e-mail:

contact@centre-vitrail.org.

Translated from German by Claudia Lupri

©"Neues Glas / New Glass": Verlag und Herausgeber: Ritterbach Verlag; Rudolf-Diesel-Straße 5-7; D-50226 Frechen. Chefredakteurin: Uta M. Klotz, Brüsseler Str. 31; D-50674 Köln. Telephon +49/221/9231621; Fax: +49/221/9231622; Uta.Klotz@t-online.de

©Thierry Boissel 2000 Kontakt: Thierry.Boissel@adbk.mhn.de